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有读书笔记Reduced predator species richness drives the body gigantism of a frog species on the Zhoushan Archipelago in China

brenda 添加于 2011-4-8 00:45 | 2612 次阅读 | 0 个评论

  •  作 者

    Li Y, Xu F, Guo Z, Liu X, Jin C, Wang Y, Wang S

  •  摘 要

    1. Shifts in the body size of insular vertebrates have been an interesting theme in ecological and evolutionary studies. Four primary factors, including predation pressures, resource availability, inter-species competition and immigrant selection, have been proposed to explain the trend in insular body size. Life-history theory predicts that body size, average age, the proportion of old-aged members and the density of insular populations are negatively correlated with predator species richness, and that body size and population density are positively related to resource availability. The niche expansion hypothesis argues that a positive relationship is expected to exist between insular body size and prey size, which varies in response to extinction due to small or large competitors. The immigrant hypothesis predicts that insular body size is positively correlated with distance to the mainland. 2. We tested these hypotheses by using populations of rice frogs Rana limnocharis on 20 islands in the Zhoushan Archipelago and two sites of nearby mainland China. 3. The body size (snout-vent length) of rice frogs on half of the islands was larger before and after the variable of age was controlled for; rice frog density and prey availability was higher and prey size was larger on most of the islands as compared to the two mainland sites. On the islands, the body size and other features [e.g. average age, the proportion of old-aged frogs (ages 3 and 4) and density] of the rice frogs were negatively associated with predator species richness; female body size and other features were positively associated with prey availability. The inference of multivariate linear models based on corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) showed that the relative importance of predator species richness on body size and each of the other features was larger than that of prey availability, prey size and distance to the mainland. In addition, the parameters for predator species richness were all negative. 4. The results provided strong support for the life-history theory of predation pressures, but weak evidence for the life-history theory of prey availability, the niche expansion or the immigrant hypothesis. The reduced predator species richness was a dominant factor contributing to the body gigantism of rice frogs on the islands.

  •  详细资料

    • 文献种类:期刊
    • 副标题: Insular frog body size and predator species richness
    • 期刊名称: Journal of Animal Ecology
    • 期卷页: 2011年  第80卷 第1期 171-182页
    • ISBN: 0021-8790

  • 相关链接 DOI URL 

  •  brenda 的文献笔记  订阅

    捕食者物种丰富度减少促使岛屿蛙类个体巨型化
    来自中科院动物研究所的研究人员发现捕食者物种丰富度减少促使岛屿蛙类个体巨型化，揭示了岛屿脊椎动物个体大小的进化的谜团，这一研究成果公布在动物学的TOP5%刊物《动物生态学期刊》（Journal of Animal Ecology）上。
     
    领导这一研究的是动物研究所李义明研究员，其长期从事动物生态学和保护生物学研究，深入地 研究了舟山群岛和相邻大陆两栖动物和哺乳动物的岛屿生态学以及牛蛙的入侵生态学；率先开展了中越边境和喜马拉雅地区的野生动物贸易研究；首次提出我国脊椎 动物及各类群的受威胁格局及其原因。这项研究成果得到了“973”项目（2007CB411600）和院创新方向项目（kscx2-yw-z-1021） 资助。
     
    岛屿脊椎动物个体大小的进化是生态学和进化生物学研究的热点问题。岛屿个体经常向巨型化或侏儒化方向进化。通常认为，岛屿捕食压力、种间竞争压力、食物资源等的变化和迁移选择能影响个体大小的进化。然而，这些因素对个体大小影响的相对贡献却一直不清楚。
     
    在这篇文章中，研究人员系统地研究了这四个因素对我国舟山群岛20个岛屿上泽蛙(Rana limnocharis)种群个体大小的影响，并与相邻宁波大陆做比较。研究发现，无论控制年龄结构与否，泽蛙个体大小（头体长）在半数取样的岛屿上均出 现了巨型化的现象。岛屿上捕食者物种丰富度减少，在大多数岛屿上，泽蛙种群密度和猎物资源量增加，猎物个体大小变大。岛屿泽蛙的个体大小、种群平均年龄、 老龄蛙的比例以及种群密度与捕食者物种丰富度呈负相关，雌性个体大小及平均年龄和老龄蛙的比例与猎物的资源量呈正相关。基于信息论AICc.的多模型推断 显示，捕食者物种丰富度对泽蛙个体大小、种群平均年龄、老龄蛙的比例以及种群密度的相对影响比猎物资源量、猎物个体大小以及岛屿到大陆的距离大，捕食者物 种丰富度的参数均是负的。
     
    研究结果强有力地支持了生活史理论的捕食压力假说，而不支持猎物资源量假说、生态位扩展假说和迁移选择假说。捕食者物种丰富度减少是导致舟山群岛泽蛙个体巨型化的主要因素。（来源：生物通）
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