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有读书笔记The N-terminus of histone H3 is required for de novo DNA methylation in chromatin

2 聚焦生物 添加于 2010-1-6 19:41 | 2848 次阅读 | 0 个评论
  •  作 者

    Hu J-L, Zhou BO, Zhang R-R, Zhang K-L, Zhou J-Q, Xu G-L
  •  摘 要

    DNA methylation and histone modification are two major epigenetic pathways that interplay to regulate transcriptional activity and other genome functions. Dnmt3L is a regulatory factor for the de novo DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b. Although recent biochemical studies have revealed that Dnmt3L binds to the tail of histone H3 with unmethylated lysine 4 in vitro, the requirement of chromatin components for DNA methylation has not been examined, and functional evidence for the connection of histone tails to DNA methylation is still lacking. Here, we used the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system to investigate the chromatin determinants of DNA methylation through ectopic expression of murine Dnmt3a and Dnmt3L. We found that the N terminus of histone H3 tail is required for de novo methylation, while the central part encompassing lysines 9 and 27, as well as the H4 tail are dispensable. DNA methylation occurs predominantly in heterochromatin regions lacking H3K4 methylation. In mutant strains depleted of H3K4 methylation, the DNA methylation level increased 5-fold. The methylation activity of Dnmt3a largely depends on the Dnmt3L's PHD domain recognizing the histone H3 tail with unmethylated lysine 4. Functional analysis of Dnmt3L in mouse ES cells confirmed that the chromatin-recognition ability of Dnmt3L's PHD domain is indeed required for efficient methylation at the promoter of the endogenous Dnmt3L gene. These findings establish the N terminus of histone H3 tail with an unmethylated lysine 4 as a chromatin determinant for DNA methylation.
  •  详细资料

    • 文献种类:期刊
    • 期刊名称: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    • 期刊缩写: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    • 期卷页: 2009  106 52 22187-22192
    • ISBN: 0027-8424
  • 相关链接 DOI URL 

  •  聚焦生物 的文献笔记  订阅

    H3K4是控制起始性DNA甲基化的开关

     

     

    本文巧妙得将起始性DNA甲基化这个在哺乳动物细胞中非常复杂的问题搬到酵母中去解决,其实是一种reconstitution的模拟,但是却简化了问题。酵母中没有如哺乳动物中那样全基因组上的甲基化,那么新产生的甲基化就可以被容易的观察到,而且组蛋白结构保守但是修饰却比哺乳动物少,也避免了一些其他间接因素的干扰。

    结论很简单,H3K4的甲基化导致Dnmt3L无法识别和结合到chromatin上,那么DNA的de novo甲基化就减少了,相应基因的表达活性就其高了。

     

    相同的工作在H3K9,H3K27,H3K36上都可以考虑展开,现在想到是不是有些晚了呢:)

    附相关报道:

     

    2009年12月29日,《美国科学院院刊》(PNAS)发表了中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所研究人 员的研究工作 — “The N-terminus of histone H3 is required for de novo DNA methylation in chromatin”。该工作由周金秋和徐国良课题组合作完成,博士研究生胡佳磊承担了主要研究工作。

    DNA甲基化在哺乳动物细胞中普遍存在,参与转录调控、细胞分化等许多重要的生物学过程,但目前关于DNA甲基化的发生机制尚不清楚。本项工作中,研究人员用酿酒酵母作为研究系统,在本身不存在甲基化的酵母基因组上建立DNA甲基化谱式,揭示了组蛋白H3 N端尾部对于DNA甲基化不可或缺的作用。进一步研究发现,辅助因子Dnmt3L能通过其PHD结构域与第四位赖氨酸未甲基化的组蛋白H3发生相互作用,进而招募DNA甲基转移酶Dnmt3a到靶位点发生起始性DNA甲基化。

    这一研究首次从功能上揭示了组蛋白H3K4甲基化与DNA甲基化之间的直接联系,加深了人们对DNA甲基化发生机制的认识。

     

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