肯尼亚边境之危

马达

Photo: Dominic Nahr for The New York Times
摄影：Dominic Nahr专供纽约时报照片





A thin, dusty line is about the only thing separating Kenya, one ofthe Western world's closest allies in Africa, from the Shabab, aradical Islamist militia that has taken over much of southern Somalia,beheading detractors, stoning adulterers and threatening to kill anyAmericans or Europeans who get in their way. A Kenyan policeman alongthe border.
肯尼亚是西方世界最亲密的非洲盟友之一；而沙巴布是一支激进的伊斯兰民兵组织，该组织控制了索马里南部大片区域，指责该组织的人遭其砍首、通奸者遭其乱石砸死，该组织还威胁要杀死任何妨碍它们的美国人或欧洲人。一条稀疏的尘土边界大概是索马里和沙巴布组织之间唯一的隔离带。图中，一名索马里警察在边境上巡逻。


A sandstorm in a refugee camp near the border ofSomalia. The Shabab have already penetrated refugee camps inside Kenya,according to camp elders, luring away dozens of young men with promisesof paradise -- and $300 each.
一场沙尘暴席卷了索马里边境附近的一个难民营。据难民营的几位年长者说，沙巴布武装已经渗透入肯尼亚境内的难民营，其天花乱坠的许诺和对每人300美元的诱惑，引诱走了几十名青年男子。


In most places the border is not even marked, letalone protected. In the village of Hulugo, there's simply a tatteredKenyan flag and a cinderblock schoolhouse with chicken wire windows.Men inside a home in Hulugo.
边境上的大多数地方甚至都没有标志牌，更别提受到保护了。在小村Hulugo，只有一面破败不堪的肯尼亚国旗和一所用煤渣砖砌起来的校舍，而校舍的窗户则用铁丝网围成。图中，两个男人在Hulugo村的一间房屋内。


Children walking home after school in Hagadera, nearthe Somalian border. Kenya is widely seen as a frontline state againstthe Islamist extremism smoldering across the Horn of Africa.
Hagadera难民营靠近索马里边境，图中是当地放学后步行回家的孩子。国际社会普遍认为，肯尼亚是打击伊斯兰极端主义的前沿阵地。在伊斯兰极端主义在整个非洲之角（包括索马里和埃塞俄比亚部分地区在内的非洲最东部地区）暗流涌动。


A camel herder in Hagadera.
图中是Hagadera难民营中一位养骆驼的牧人。


Abdi Dimbil Alan, an elder who lives in Alin Jugur, a town near theSomali border, says that nearly every night he witnesses the sameSomali businessmen paying off Kenyan police to allow goods and evenassault rifles to slip through the border.
阿卜迪·迪姆比尔·艾伦住在靠近索马里边境Alin Jugur小镇上。这位老人表示，几乎每个晚上他都亲眼见到索马里商人为了让货物甚至是突击步枪蒙入境而贿赂警察。


A row of markets in Garissa. Many markets near the border are heapedwith the tell-tale signs of a flourishing smuggling business: Pakistanisugar, foreign brands of sodas and soaps, cigarettes with Somali labels-- all illegal imports from Somalia that somehow made it past the dozenpolice checkpoints on the Kenyan side.
图中是肯尼亚加里萨市内的一排集市。许多边境附近的集市随处可见一排繁忙的走私贸易景象：巴基斯坦的白糖、外国品牌的苏打和肥皂、贴有索马里标签的香烟——都是从索马里非法进入肯尼亚的。这些商品以某种方式成功通过肯尼亚一侧的12个警察边检站。


Women outside of a market in Garissa.
一名妇女站在加里萨某个集市的外面。


Kenyan police officers prepare to burn cigarettes smuggled across the border.
肯尼亚警察准备焚烧走私入境的香烟。


Kenyan police officers near the border. Security forces are floodingtheir borderlands, but the 400-mile border is inevitably porous.
图中是边境附近的肯尼亚警察。安全部队正大量云集到肯尼亚边境地区，但是400英里长的边境线不可避免地会出现走私。