Scanning probe microscope with a dc bias and an ac modulation signal applied to the probing tip has been quite successful for investigating the characteristics in a sub-micron scale for the high density ferroelectric
memory application field. The degradation of
ferroelectric
films—PbZr0.4Ti0.6O3 (PZT) and Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 (BLT)—caused by the
hydrogen
forming gas annealing is investigated in a microscopic scale by using an electrostatic force microscope (EFM). From the first harmonic signal of EFM, we obtained different polarization behaviors from as-grown and
hydrogen
-annealed
ferroelectric
films. We found that the
hydrogen
forming gas annealing is degrading the
ferroelectric
film with no catalyst top electrode on top of the film. It is believed that the annealing process causes the diffusion of
hydrogen into the ferroelectric
film resulting in the destruction of polarization in these materials. We speculate that the different degradation behavior among these materials (PZT and BLT) is due to the different cohesivity of
hydrogen
in these materials.